Rhabdochona ahuehuellensis n. sp. is described from the Balsas goodeid, Ilyodon whitei. The distinctive characters are cuticular elevations in the middle of the prostom, tricuspid ending of the distal part of the left spicule combined with a scoop shape, and an egg surface with limited, short subpolar filaments. The characters place the present species farther apart from species described from North America, except R. lichtenfelsi. This description brings the total number of species of Rhabdochona in the Mesa Central of Mexico to 4, suggesting that this genus has undergone speciation in response to basin fragmentation within the Mesa Central of Mexico.